TOPIC 11
Hamas and Resistance Groups: The Challenge of Non-State Actors

Examine the role of Hamas and other militant organizations in the conflict. Explore their impact
on peace efforts and regional stability.
 

Key Points:
● Origins and ideology of Hamas
● Armed resistance vs. political participation
● Impact on Israeli-Palestinian negotiations
● Regional support and international designation as terrorist organizations
 

The presence of armed non-state actors complicates peace efforts and raises questions about
representation and governance in Palestinian territories.