TOPIC 2
Birth of Israel and the 1948 War: The Crucible of Modern Conflict

Explore the tumultuous period leading to Israel's establishment and the subsequent 1948
Arab-Israeli War. Learn how this pivotal moment set the stage for decades of conflict.

Key Points:
● UN Partition Plan and its rejection
● Israeli Declaration of Independence
● Arab invasion and the Nakba
● Armistice agreements and their consequences
 

This war not only established Israel as a state but also created the Palestinian refugee crisis, a
core issue that continues to fuel tensions and complicate peace efforts.